NEONATAL MORTALITY, CURRENT SITUATION AND SOME EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS TO REACH THE GOAL OF IMPROVING NEWBORN HEALTH IN 2030
##plugins.themes.vojs.article.main##
Abstract
Since 2015, the number of neonatal deaths in the World declined from 2.7 million to 2.4 million in 2020. However, the decline in neonatal mortality is slow and now accounts for 44% of all deaths among children younger than 5 years old. Reducing neonatal mortality, thereforewas put in the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG), to end preventable newborn deaths by the year 2030.
Viet Nam is similar as other low- and middle-income countries, neonatal mortality have fallen in recent years but still lag behind the impressive gains made for child mortality. The main obstacles in improving neonatal heath are disparities between areas; quality of care is not meeting the requirements and the neonatal health programs do not reach to those who need it the most. Reducing neonatal mortality has been recognized and the country is trying to take more progress in action.
Evidence – based interventions and approaches that prevent newborn deaths including care mothers during pregnancy; around delivery and postnatal care. The most greatest impact on ending preventable neonatal deaths include: care during labour, childbirth and the fi rst week of life; and care for the small and sick newborn. Improve coverage and quality of carewithin the continuum of care,
ensure equitable care to every woman and newborn baby including universal fi nancial protection. No country can success in reducing neonatal mortality without this investment.
##plugins.themes.vojs.article.details##
References
1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a system - atic analysis by the UN Inter - agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.
Lancet. 2015; 386: 2275-2286.
2. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 2018. Every child alive- The urgent need to end newborn deaths.
3. WHO and UNICEF 2019. SURVIVE and THRIVE. Transforming care for every small and sick newborn.
4. UN. Department of Economic and Social Aff airs. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
5. UNICEF. Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed Progress Report 2015.
6. UNICEF (2019). Child Mortality Estimates. Estimates generated by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME).
7. UNICEF 2019. Neonatal mortality. UNICEF Data: Monitoring the situation of children and women.
8. UNICEF 2019. Child survival and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
9. WHO 2019. Newborns: Reducing mortality.
10. Kim E Dickson et al. Every Newborn: health - systems bottlenecks and strategies to accelerate scale-up in countries. The Lancet. Volume 384,
No. 9941, p438-454, 2014.
11. Jones SA, et al. Women and babies are dying but not of Ebola’: the effect of the Ebola virus epidemic on the availability, uptake and outcomes of maternal and newborn health services in Sierra Leone. BMJ Glob Health 2016;1: e000065. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000065.
12. Dorit Stein, Kevin Ward, and Catherine Cantelmo. Estimating the Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Mothers and Newborns in Low- and
Middle-Income Countries. Health Policy Plus. 2020.
13. Bộ Kế hoạch đầu tư. Nước CHXHCN Việt Nam. Báo cáo quốc gia kết quả 15 năm thực hiện các mục tiêu MDG.
14. Tổng cục Thống kê- UNICEF 2014. MICS 4.
15. WHO. Viet Namkey indicators.
16. Vụ SKBM-TE, Bộ Y tế. Báo cáo năm 2019.
17. Bộ Y tế. Chương tình giảm TV mẹ và Sơ sinh 2009. Nghiên cứu thực trạng TVM và TVSS tại 14 tỉnh tham gia chương trình.
18. Bộ Y tế 2015. Dự án hỗ trợ y tế các tỉnh miền núi phía Bắc – Báo cáo kết quả điều tra TVM và Sơ sinh tại 7 tỉnh miền núi phía Bắc.
19. Trung tâm nghiên cứu môi trường và sức khỏe 2020. Dự án chăm sóc sức khỏe nhân dân các tỉnh Tây Nguyên - Báo cáo điều tra TVM và Sơ
sinh tại 5 tỉnh Tây Nguyên.
20. Bộ Y tế (2013). Phân tích về các rào cản trong chăm sóc sơ sinh ở Việt Nam.
21. Sở Khoa học công nghệ Lào Cai và Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương. Đánh giá thực trạng cấp cứu, tử vong sơ sinh và đề xuất một số giải pháp
nâng cao năng lực cấp cứu tại tỉnh Lào Cai.
22. Bhutta, Z.A., et al., Can available interventions end preventable deaths in mothers, newborn babies, and stillbirths, and at what cost? Lancet, 2014.
23. WHO - Essential Newborn Care Course.
24. Amuchou S et al. Neonatal Respiratory Care in Resource-Limited Countries. Assisted Ventilation of the Neonate (Sixth Edition), 2017.
25. UNICEF 2019. Newborn Care – UNICEF Data.
26. Conde-Agudelo A, Belizán J M, Diaz - Rossello J. 2014. “Kangaroo Mother Care to Reduce Morbidity and Mortality in Low Birthweight
Infants.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4): CD002771. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD002771.pub3.