BLOOD LIPID STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 2-16 YEARS AT MAT TROI HOSPITAL
##plugins.themes.vojs.article.main##
Abstract
Objectives: To describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia and to analyze selected factors associated with dyslipidemia among children aged 2-16 years at Mat Troi Hospital.
Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 198 children aged 2-16 years who attended Mat Troi Hospital between 2024 and 2026. Children with chronic diseases, hypothyroidism, or the use of medications affecting lipid metabolism were excluded. Collected data included anthropometric characteristics (age, sex, height, and weight), neonatal characteristics (birth weight and gestational age), maternal obstetric characteristics (maternal weight at delivery, gestational weight gain, and gestational diabetes mellitus), physical activity characteristics (average physical activity duration, light physical activity duration, and sedentary time), and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.
Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 14.6% (29/198). Children with dyslipidemia were younger and had longer sedentary time than those without dyslipidemia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified three independently associated factors. Maternal gestational weight gain was positively associated with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.22-2.12; p = 0.001), whereas average physical activity duration was inversely associated with dyslipidemia (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.57-0.97; p = 0.038). Sedentary time was associated with increased odds of dyslipidemia (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.00-1.71; p = 0.047), although the lower limit of the confidence interval approached unity.
Conclusions: Maternal gestational weight gain and prolonged sedentary time were independently associated with dyslipidemia, whereas longer duration of physical activity was inversely associated with dyslipidemia among children. These findings suggest that strategies for the prevention of pediatric dyslipidemia should emphasize appropriate gestational weight management, promotion of physical activity, and reduction of sedentary behaviors. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causal relationships and evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions.
##plugins.themes.vojs.article.details##
Keywords
dyslipidemia, children, LDL-C, physical activity, gestational weight gain
References
2. Jacobs DR, Woo JG, Sinaiko AR et al. Childhood Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Adult Cardiovascular Events. N Engl J Med 2022;386(20):1877-1888. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2109191
3. Schipper HS, de Ferranti S. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk as an Emerging Priority in Pediatrics. Pediatrics 2022;150(5). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-057956
4. Constantin AT, Delia C, Tudor LM et al. Dyslipidemia in Pediatric Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicina (Mex) 2023;59(8):1434. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081434
5. Kit BK, Carroll MD, Lacher DA et al. Trends in serum lipids among US youths aged 6 to 19 years, 1988-2010. JAMA 2012;308(6):591-600. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.9136
6. Tomeleri CM, Ronque ERV, Silva DRP et al. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in adolescents: Comparison between definitions. Rev Port Cardiol Engl Ed 2015;34(2):103-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repce.2014.08.019
7. Zhang H, Kwapong WR, Shao MM et al. Predictors of the Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Influencing Factors for Young Health Examination Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Public Health 2020;8:400. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00400
8. Rauber F, Campagnolo PDB, Hoffman DJ et al. Consumption of ultra-processed food products and its effects on children’s lipid profiles: A longitudinal study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015;25(1):116-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2014.08.001
9. Kim SE. Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents: Current Insights and Updated Treatment Approaches. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2025;28(3):148-159. https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2025.28.3.148
10. Peng J, Zhang L, Jin J et al. Impact of maternal lipid profiles on offspring birth size in late pregnancy among women with and without gestational diabetes. Lipids Health Dis 2025;24:43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-025-02458-0
11. Gujral J, Gupta J. Pediatric Dyslipidemia. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2026. Accessed March 11, 2026. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK585106/
12. Brzeziński M, Metelska P, Myśliwiec M et al. Lipid disorders in children living with overweight and obesity- large cohort study from Poland. Lipids Health Dis 2020;19(1):47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-020-01218-6
13. Balder JW, Lansberg PJ, Hof MH et al. Pediatric lipid reference values in the general population: The Dutch lifelines cohort study. J Clin Lipidol 2018;12(5):1208-1216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2018.05.011
14. Buterbaugh JS. Pediatric Dyslipidemia and Screening Recommendations. J Nurse Pract 2021;17(10):1178-1182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2021.08.009
15. Wen J, Lv A, Aihemaitijiang S et al. The association of maternal gestational weight gain with cardiometabolic risk factors in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2025;83(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae027
16. Fraser A, Tilling K, Macdonald-Wallis C et al. Association of maternal weight gain in pregnancy with offspring obesity and metabolic and vascular traits in childhood. Circulation 2010;121(23):2557-2564. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.906081
17. Zhang S, Liu J, Li W et al. Late Preschool BMI Acceleration as the Strongest Predictor of Childhood Cardiometabolic Risk at School Entry: A Dual-Trajectory Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2026;19:1-15. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S603371
18. Aris IM, Chen LW, Tint MT et al. Body mass index trajectories in the first two years and subsequent childhood cardio-metabolic outcomes: a prospective multi-ethnic Asian cohort study. Sci Rep 2017;7(1):8424. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09046-y
19. Associations of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity From Childhood With Lipids: A 13-Year Mediation and Temporal Study | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism | Oxford Academic. Accessed July 16, 2026. https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/109/7/e1494/7471719
20. Zheng W, Chen Y, Zhao A et al. Associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with physical measurements and dyslipidemia in school-age children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2016;16:1186. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3826-y
21. Eloranta AM, Sallinen T, Viitasalo A et al. The effects of a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipid concentrations in children: the PANIC Study. Eur J Nutr 2021;60(1):425-434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02260-x
22. Jones PR, Rajalahti T, Resaland GK et al. Associations of lipoprotein particle profile and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in schoolchildren: a prospective cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022;19(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-022-01244-w