##plugins.themes.vojs.article.sidebar##

PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Published: 2026-07-31
Abstract Views: 0
Views PDF (Tiếng Việt): 0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52724/tcnk.v19i3.512
Issue
Vol. 19 No. 3 (2026)
Section
Research

ANTIBIOTIC USE IN CHILDREN WITH MODERATE ACUTE BRONCHIOLITIS AGED 2-24 MONTHS BASED ON PCR RESULTS AT CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 1

Nghia Le Trong1, Diem Phan Huu Nguyet2, Vi Vo Le Vi3, Uyen Nguyen Thi Nha1, Qui Le Minh1, Tuan Nguyen Anh1,2
1 Children’s Hospital 1
2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City
3 315 Healthcare System

##plugins.themes.vojs.article.main##

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of infectious agents in moderate bronchiolitis through PCR results and evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic discontinuation intervention based on these results.


Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 83 pediatric patients aged 2-24 months with moderate bronchiolitis at Children's Hospital 1 from August 2024 to March 2025. All patients underwent nasotracheal aspiration (NTA) sampling for PCR identification of viral and bacterial agents. Antibiotic discontinuation intervention was performed in the group with negative bacterial PCR.


Results: PCR identified RSV accounting for 59,0%, Rhinovirus 22,9% and Parainfluenza virus 20,5%. Bacterial coinfection rate was 50.6% with Streptococcus pneumoniae comprising 71.4%. The coinfection group had higher fever rate (64.3% vs 26.8%, p=0.001), higher CRP (19.4 vs 6.3 mg/L, p<0.001), more X-ray infiltration (92.9% vs 26.8%, p<0.001) and longer hospital stay (7.24 vs 5.80 days, p=0.001). Initial antibiotic use rate was 91.6%. Antibiotic discontinuation intervention was successful in 85% of cases (17/20).


Conclusion: Antibiotics are recommended for bronchiolitis when CRP > 20 mg/L and chest X-ray shows infiltrates.

##plugins.themes.vojs.article.details##

Keywords

Acute bronchiolitis, Bacterial coinfection, Polymerase chain reaction

References

1. García-García ML, Alcolea S, Alonso-López P et al. Antibiotic Utilization in Hospitalized Children with Bronchiolitis: A Prospective Study Investigating Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics at a Secondary Hospital in Madrid (2004-2022). Pathogens 2023;12(12):1397. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12121397
2. Almadani A, Noël KC, Aljassim N et al. Bronchiolitis Management and Unnecessary Antibiotic Use Across 3 Canadian PICUs. Hosp Pediatr 2022;12(4):369-382. https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2021-006274
3. Farley R, Spurling GK, Eriksson L, Del Mar CB. Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children under two years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;2014(10), CD005189. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd005189.pub4
4. Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC et al. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2014;134(5):e1474-502. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-2742
5. Schuetz P, Muller B, Christ‐Crain M et al. Procalcitonin to initiate or discontinue antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections. Evidence‐Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal 2013;8(4):1297-1371. https://doi.org/10.1002/ebch.1927
6. Guitart C, Alejandre C, Bobillo-Perez S et al. Risk factors and incidence of invasive bacterial infection in severe bronchiolitis: the RICOIB prospective study. BMC Pediatrics 2022;22(1):140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03206-4
7. Phạm Thị Minh Hồng. Vai trò của vi rút hợp bào hô hấp trong viêm tiểu phế quản ở trẻ em và các yếu tố tiên lượng. Luận án Tiến sĩ Y học, Đại học Y dược thành phố Hồ Chí Minh 2004.
8. Johnson JE, Gonzales RA, Olson SJ et al. The histopathology of fatal untreated human respiratory syncytial virus infection. Mod Pathol 2007;20(1):108-19. https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3800725