NGUYÊN NHÂN, ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG SUY TIM CẤP Ở TRẺ EM

Abstract

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a condition in which heart muscle suddenly loses its ability to ensure flow, so it is unable to meet the body’s metabolic needs. Causes of AHFs vary with age, symptoms are often atypical, patient’s conditions during emergency are often severe, and mortality rates are high. Objective: To describe the clinical, paraclinical and causes of AHF in children. Subjects: Including 70 patients diagnosed with AHF at the National Hospital of Pediatrics. Time: August 1, 2017 - August
31, 2018. Research method: Cross-sectionalstudy. Results: The most common age of AHF is less than 12 months old (67.2%), the ratio of male / female is 1.2: 1. The leading cause of AHF is the cardiomyopathy (80%). Symptoms of AHF onset are mainly dyspnea, accounting for 82.9%, cyanosis 52.9%, followed by irritability with the rate of over 30%, cough, wheezing 20%, vomiting 12.86 %, coma 7.14%, abdominal pain and diarrhea 8.57%, fever. The patients admitted to the emergency,the resuscitation departments with manifestations of tachycardia 98.6%, CVP increased by 90%, enlarged heart area and enlarged liver 80%, triple rhythm, horse rhythm 64.3%. Upon presentation at emergency, patient presents severe acute respiratory failure that warrants intubation and mechanical ventilation (52.9%). Increased Pro BNP (100%), mean 5597 ± 2258 pg / ml, increased Troponin I (90%), mean 8.25 ± 2.99 ug / l, cardiomegaly on CXR (84.1%) ), decreased EF on 2D Echo <50% (68.1%). Conclusion: AHFs mainly affects children <12 months old, the leading cause is cardiomyopathy with various clinical symptoms, respiratory and circulatory failure requireshospitalization.