COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE IN CHILDREN AT THE RESPIRATORY CENTER, VIETNAM NATIONAL CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL (2024-2025)
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Abstract
Objectives: To describe antimicrobial resistance patterns and treatment outcomes of H. influenzae community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children.
Methods: A prospective descriptive study (09/2024-08/2025) at the Respiratory Center, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, including 380 children aged 1 month-5 years with pneumonia and positive nasopharyngeal or tracheal swab cultures for H. influenzae.
Results: Beta-lactamase production was 67.1%. Resistance was high to Penicillins (Amoxicillin 94.5%, Ampicillin 93.9%) and oral cephalosporins (cefuroxime 80.5%, cefaclor 86.1), whereas injectable third-generation cephalosporins remained highly susceptible (ceftriaxone 0.5%, cefotaxime 0.8%). Pre-admission antibiotics were used in 42.6%. At admission, third- generation cephalosporin monotherapy predominated (69.4%). Outcomes were favorable (95.6% improved/discharged; no deaths). Mean treatment duration was 8.2±3.5 days; mean oxygen duration was 3.6±2.7 days and longer in those <12 months (p=0.005).
Conclusions: H. influenzae showed high beta-lactamase prevalence and very high Penicillin resistance, while injectable third-generation cephalosporins remained effective. Treatment outcomes were generally good.
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Keywords
Haemophilus influenzae, community-acquired pneumonia, antimicrobial resistance, beta-lactamase, children
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