CLINICAL APARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERTUSSIS AND EVALUATE TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT BAC NINH MATERNITY AND CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL NO. 2
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Abstract
Background: Pertussis remains a notable infectious disease in children, particularly in those who are too young to be vaccinated or are incompletely immunized. Early diagnosis and treatment of pertussis, along with identifcation of risk factors, are essential to improve clinical outcomes.
Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of pertussis and evaluate treatment outcomes in pediatric patients at Bac Ninh Maternity and Children’s Hospital No. 2 during 2024–2025.
Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 36 pediatric patients diagnosed with pertussis according to GPI 2011 criteria and confrmed by positive nasopharyngeal PCR for Bordetella pertussis. All patients were treated at Bac Ninh Maternity and Children’s Hospital No. 2 from April 1, 2024, to March 31, 2025.
Results: Male patients accounted for 58.3%, females 41.7%. Infants under 2 months represented 36.1%, with a mean age of 13.73 months. Vaccination status: 36.1% were not yet eligible, 8.3% unvaccinated, and 36.1% incompletely vaccinated. Main clinical symptoms included paroxysmal and persistent cough (100%), facial fushing during coughing (94.4%), post-tussive mucus secretion (83.3%), post-tussive vomiting (55.6%), and fever (27.8%). Complications included bronchopneumonia (100%) and respiratory failure (16.6%). Laboratory fndings: 58.3% had peripheral lymphocyte count ≥10 G/L; chest X-ray showed pulmonary lesions in 72.2%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 12.31 ± 5.741 days; 47.2% required treatment >14 days. Azithromycin was administered in 50%, Clarithromycin in 36.1%, and a combination regimen in 19.9%. Longer hospital stays were observed in preterm infants, those under 12 months, and those unvaccinated. Transfers to higher-level care occurred in infants under 2 months with respiratory failure, bronchopneumonia, and leukocytosis ≥15 G/L.
Conclusion: Paroxysmal and persistent cough are hallmark signs of pertussis. Infants under 2 months, preterm infants, those with bronchopneumonia, and leukocytosis >15 G/L require close monitoring and aggressive management.
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Keywords
pertussis, pediatric, Bac Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital No.2
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