CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AT THE VIETNAM NATIONAL CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AT THE VIETNAM NATIONAL CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action in pancreatic beta cells, or both, leading to hyperglycemia. The prevalence of T2DM in children is increasing, and the disease causes numerous complications that afect the health and life of patients.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical and paraclinical diagnostic status and complications of T2DM in children at the Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism, Genetics, and Molecular Therapy - National Children’s Hospital.
Subjects and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on children diagnosed with T2DM at the Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism, Genetics, and Molecular Therapy from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2024.
Results: The study included 54 children with T2DM, with an average age at diagnosis of 11.5 ± 2.3 years. The onset age in females was earlier than in males, and the proportion of male children in the study was 57.5%. The proportion of children living in urban areas was 48.1%, while those in rural areas accounted for 51.9%. Among the patients, 51.9% presented with clinical symptoms, while 48.1% were diagnosed incidentally. The symptoms of T2DM included polyuria (50%), polydipsia (48.1%), weight loss (35.2%), and polyphagia (18.5%). Acanthosis nigricans was commonly observed (68.5%). Other manifestations included fatty liver (68.3%), vitamin D defciency (50%), elevated liver enzymes (33.3%), and dyslipidemia (31.8%). The proportion of children with diabetic ketoacidosis at hospital admission was 16.7%.
Conclusion: T2DM in children was diagnosed at similar rates between those with clinical symptoms and those detected incidentally. The prevalence of complications such as fatty liver, vitamin D defciency, elevated liver enzymes, and dyslipidemia was high. A structured treatment and monitoring plan is necessary to prevent complications.
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Keywords
Type 2 diabetes, children, National Children’s Hospital
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