STUDY ON CLINICAL AND SUBCLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FACTORS RELATED TO THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF ENCEPHALITIS IN CHILDREN AT THE PEDIATRICS CENTER OF HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Background: Encephalitis is an infection of the central nervous system with a high mortality and incidence. Understanding the factors related to the severity and the outcomes of the disease has great signifcance in prognosis to patient.
Objective: describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics and some factors related to the outcomes of encephalitis in children.
Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on children diagnosed with encephalitis according to the International Encephalitis Association diagnostic criteria 2013, treatment at the Pediatric Center - Hue Central Hospital from 2021 to 2023.
Results: 46 cases of encephalitis were diagnosed and treated at the Pediatric Center - Hue Central Hospital. The age group with the highest rate of encephalitis is >5 years old, accounting for 56,5%, boy are more common than girl, and countryside are more common than cities. Fever and altered mental status are two common reasons for hospitalization, accounting for 69,6% and 87.0%, respectively. Common clinical symptoms are: fever (100%), anorexia (91.3%), convulsions (58,7%), stiff neck (54,3%), changes in muscle tone (52,2%), bulging fontanel (50%), nausea (45,7%). There was no relationship between age, gender, electrolyte, CRP, glucose blood as well as cell and biochemical characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid with outcomes. Symptoms of limb weakness, changes the muscletonic, circular muscle disorders are symptoms that have prognostic value. Times staying in Hospital ≥ 14 days had a 2.3 times higher risk of complications or death/returning than the group with hospital stay < 14 days. Glasgow at admission < 8 points has a 6.8 times higher risk of complications or death/returning than Glasgow score ≥ 8 points. Abnormal in MRI has a 10.4 times higher risk of causing complications or death/returning than the group without abnormal brain MRI.
Conclusion: The later of times of admission to the hospital, the Glasgow at admission <8 points, and abnormalities on MRI are the poor prognostic factors.
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Keywords
Encephalitis, Encephalitis - meningitis
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