UPDATE GUIDELINES FOR FOOD ALLERGY PREVENTION IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN
##plugins.themes.vojs.article.main##
Tóm tắt
Food allergies are increasing and have become a major global health concern. Prevention strategies have shifted from allergen avoidance to controlled early exposure. The latest guidelines on food allergy prevention in children, focus on maternal diet, infant nutrition, skin interventions, and the early introduction of food allergens. Analysis of recent studies, clinical trials and international guidelines show that allergen avoidance is unnecessary during pregnancy or breastfeeding; while breastfeeding has benefits, it does not prevent food allergies. Early introduction of eggs and peanut around 4–6 months reduces the risk of allergies. Skin barrier protection and the management of atopic dermatitis play a crucial role. Controlled early exposure promotes immune tolerance and lowers the risk of developing food allergies. Future research will explore immune mechanisms, the gut microbiome, and personalized interventions.
##plugins.themes.vojs.article.details##
Từ khóa
Food Allergy Prevention, Food Allergy
Tài liệu tham khảo
2. Mullins RJ., Dear KB., Tang ML. Time trends in Australian hospital anaphylaxis admissions in 1998–1999 to 2011–2012. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2015. 136(2):367–75.
3. Sampath V, Abrams EM, Adlou B et al. Food allergy across the globe. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021;148(6):1347–64. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.018
4. Wong GW-K. Food allergies around the world. Front. Nutr. 2024. 11:1373110.
5. Fleischer DM, Chan ES, Venter C et al. A Consensus Approach to the Primary Prevention of Food Allergy Through Nutrition: Guidance from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; and the Canadian Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology . J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021;9(1):22-43. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.11.002
6. Halken S, Muraro A, de Silva D et al. EAACI guideline: Preventing the development of food allergy in infants and young children (2020 update). Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021;32(5):843–858. https://doi.org/10.1111/ pai.13496
7. Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy. ASCIA Guidelines for Infant Feeding and Allergy Prevention. November 2020, reformatted 2024. https:// www.allergy.org.au/images/pcc/ASCIA_ Guidelines_Infant_Feeding_and_Allergy_ Prevention_2020_reformatted_2024.pdf.
8. Azad MB, Dharma C, Simons E et al. Reduced peanut sensitization with maternal peanut consumption and early peanut introduction while breastfeed. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021;12(5):811-818. https://doi.org/10.1017/ s2040174420001129
9. Venter C, Palumbo MP, Glueck DH et al. The maternal diet index in pregnancy is associated with offspring allergic diseases: the healthy start study. Allergy 2022;77(1):162-172. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14949
10. Garcia-Larsen V, Lerodiakonou D, Jarrold K et al. Diet during pregnancy and infancy and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2018; 15(2):e1002507. https://doi. org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002507
11. Du Toit G, Sampson HA, Plaut M et al. Food allergy: update on prevention and tolerance. J. Allergy Clin Immunol 2018;141(1):30–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.010
12. Lack G. Epidemiologic risks for food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;121(6):1331–1336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2008.04.032
13. Sakihara T, Otsuji K, Arakaki Y et al. Randomized trial of early infant formula introduction to prevent cow’s milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021;147(1):224-32.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.08.021
14. Anagnostou A, Lieberman J, Greenhawt M et al. The future of food allergy: Challenging existing paradigms of clinical practice. Allergy 2023;78(7):1847-1865. https://doi. org/10.1111/all.15757